Understanding Colorectal Cancer: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Colorectal cancer, the third most common cancer worldwide, affects both men and women of all ages. While the topic may be daunting, Vedam Gastro Hospital, being one of the best Gastro hospitals in Surat, believes that education and awareness are the most powerful tools in this fight against an elusive adversary. Colorectal cancer is a serious condition that affects the colon or rectum, which are parts of the large intestine. Let us unravel the mysteries of colorectal cancer with one of the best colorectal cancer surgeon in Surat at Vedam Gastro Hospital. While exploring the latest breakthroughs in research, treatment options and more, together, we can turn this silent battle into a conversation that saves lives.

Causes of Colorectal Cancer

While the exact cause of colorectal cancer is still unknown, several risk factors have been identified that increase the likelihood of developing the disease.

Age is a significant factor, as most cases of colorectal cancer occur in individuals over the age of 50.

Other risk factors include a family history of colorectal cancer or polyps, a personal history of inflammatory bowel disease, certain genetic conditions, a diet high in red and processed meats, obesity, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle.

Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer

Recognizing the signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer is crucial for early detection and treatment.

Some common symptoms include persistent changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhea or constipation, blood in the stool, abdominal pain or cramping, unintended weight loss, fatigue, and a feeling that the bowel does not empty completely after a bowel movement.

However, it is important to note that these symptoms can also be caused by other conditions, so it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis.

Diagnosis and Staging

If colorectal cancer is suspected, a series of diagnostic tests will be conducted to confirm the diagnosis and determine the stage of the disease.

These tests may include a colonoscopy, which allows a doctor to examine the colon and rectum for any abnormal growths or polyps. Tissue samples may be collected during the colonoscopy for further analysis.

Other tests such as blood tests, imaging studies like CT scans or MRI, and a biopsy may also be performed to determine the extent of the cancer and whether it has spread to other parts of the body.

Treatment Options

The treatment of colorectal cancer depends on several factors, including the stage of the disease, the location of the tumour, and the overall health of the patient.

Surgery is often the first line of treatment for colorectal cancer. It involves removing the tumour and nearby lymph nodes. In some cases, a colostomy or ileostomy may be necessary, which involves creating an opening in the abdomen for waste elimination.

Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to kill cancer cells or prevent them from growing. It can be administered before surgery to shrink tumours, after surgery to kill remaining cancer cells, or as the primary treatment for advanced cases.

Radiation therapy uses high-energy X-rays or other forms of radiation to destroy cancer cells. It may be used before surgery to shrink tumours or after surgery to kill remaining cancer cells.

Targeted therapy drugs work by targeting specific genes or proteins involved in the growth of cancer cells. They can be used in combination with chemotherapy or as a standalone treatment.

Immunotherapy is a newer form of treatment that helps the body’s immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells. It has shown promising results in certain cases of advanced colorectal cancer.

In addition to these conventional treatment options, clinical trials may be available for patients who are interested in participating in experimental treatments or therapies.

Reducing the Risks of Colorectal Cancer:

While there is no fool-proof way to completely avoid colorectal cancer, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk and improve your overall health. Here are some measures advised by our colon cancer specialist in Surat at Vedam Gastro Hospital that can help lower the chances of developing colorectal cancer:

1. Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle: Maintain a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Limit your consumption of red and processed meats. Regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight are also important factors in cancer prevention.

2. Get Screened: Screening tests such as colonoscopies can detect precancerous polyps or early-stage cancer when they are more treatable.

3. Understand Your Family History: Knowing your family history is crucial, as a family history of colorectal cancer or certain genetic conditions can increase your risk.

4. Quit Smoking and Limit Alcohol Consumption: Quitting smoking can significantly improve your overall health and reduce the risk of cancer. Limit your alcohol intake to moderate levels or consider avoiding it altogether.

5. Be Aware of Symptoms and Seek Prompt Medical Attention: Persistent changes in bowel habits, blood in the stool, abdominal pain, unintended weight loss, and fatigue are all potential indicators.

While these measures can reduce your risk of developing colorectal cancer, it is important to remember that they do not guarantee complete prevention. Our expert gastro surgeon in Surat at Vedam Gastro Hospital, suggests that regular screenings and early detection remain crucial in catching colorectal cancer in its early stages when treatment options are more effective. Consult with our gastro specialist for personalized advice and guidance based on your individual risk factors.